Cuba Archive - Case 4415

Case ID: 4415

Title: Senator

First name: Jaime Jorge

Last name: Guzmán Errázuriz

Suffix: N/A

Aliases: N/A

Name also reported as: N/A

Age: 44

Gender: Male

Date of Birth: Day:28 / Month:6 / Year:1946

Civil Status: Single

Date of death/disappearance: Day:1 / Month:4 / Year:1991

Citizenship: Chile

Last known address: N/A

Last known city: Santiago

Last known province-TOD: N/A

Last known province current: N/A

Last known country: Chile

Location death-address: Hospital Militar

Location of death - city: Santiago

Location of death province - at TOD: N/A

Location of death province - current: N/A

Location of death - country: Chile

Trial held?: No

Docket Number: N/A

Sentence details: N/A

Arrest or detention at time of death: No

Date of arrest: N/A

Imprisoned/Detained: Location: N/A

How long imprisoned/detained: N/A

Death attributed to: Castro regime

Death attribution detail: Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front guerrilla group

Associated Event: N/A

Case description:

The Chilean lawyer and senator, founder of the conservative Independent Democrat Union party (UDI) of Chile, was assassinated by a Chilean revolutionary group created and funded by Cuba. Guzmán, a devout Catholic, had been an opponent of the tumultuous Salvador Allende government and had then become an advisor to the government during the Pinochet dictatorship. He had been elected senator and was serving in that capacity since March 1990 in the first transition government to democracy after the Pinochet regime. He was shot by two guerrillas of the Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (FPMR), in the passenger side of the chauffeur-driven car as he left the Catholic University (eastern campus Santiago), where he was a professor of Constitutional Law. He died 3 hours later at the Military Hospital.  The perpetrators were believed to have escaped to Cuba. Judicial investigations have established that the perpetrators were FPMR militants Ricardo Palma Salamanca and Raúl Escobar Poblete and intellectual authors Galvarino Apablaza, Mauricio Hernández Norambuena ("Comandante Ramiro") and Juan Gutiérrez Fischmann. In January 2013, during Cuban president Raúl Castro's visit to Chile, President Sebastián Piñera brought up the murder of Guzmán and provided information on the residence in Cuba of Escobar, and two other accomplices, Marcela Mardones and Alexis Soto, whom Chile wanted to prosecute for the murder. In 1993, Hernández Norambuena was arrested and tried in Chile for the murder of Guzman but, escaped prison in 1996 and apparently found refuge in Cuba. In 2002, he was arrested in Brazil for kidnapping a Brazilian businessman and sentenced to 30-years of prison in Brazil.  Two other FPMR members have been apprehended for Guzman's murder: in 2014, Enrique Villanueva Molina was sentenced to five years of prison in Chile and in December 2017, Ricardo Palma Salamanca was arrested in France and was facing extradition to Chile.
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Abogado y senador chileno, fundador del partido conservador Unión Demócrata Independiente (UDI) de Chile, fue asesinado por un grupo revolucionario chileno creado y financiado por Cuba. Guzmán, un católico devoto, se había opuesto al tumultuoso gobierno de Salvador Allende y luego se había convertido en asesor del gobierno durante la dictadura de Pinochet. Había sido elegido senador y desempeñaba ese cargo desde marzo de 1990 en el primer gobierno de transición a la democracia después del régimen de Pinochet. Fue baleado por dos guerrilleros del Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez (FPMR), en el lado del pasajero de su auto guiado por su chofer, cuando salía de la Universidad Católica (campus oriente, Santiago), donde era profesor de Derecho Constitucional. Murió 3 horas después en el Hospital Militar. Se cree que los perpetradores habrían escapado a Cuba. Las investigaciones judiciales han establecido que los autores fueron los militantes del FPMR Ricardo Palma Salamanca y Raúl Escobar Poblete y los autores intelectuales Galvarino Apablaza, Mauricio Hernández Norambuena ("Comandante Ramiro") y Juan Gutiérrez Fischmann. En enero de 2013, durante la visita del presidente cubano Raúl Castro a Chile, el presidente Sebastián Piñera sacó a colación el asesinato de Guzmán y brindó información sobre la residencia en Cuba de Escobar y otros dos cómplices, Marcela Mardones y Alexis Soto, a quienes Chile quiso enjuiciar por el asesinato. En 1993, Hernández Norambuena fue arrestado y juzgado en Chile por el asesinato de Guzmán, pero escapó de prisión en 1996 y aparentemente encontró refugio en Cuba. En 2002, fue arrestado en Brasil por secuestrar a un empresario brasileño y sentenciado a 30 años de prisión en Brasil. Otros dos miembros del FPMR fueron detenidos por el asesinato de Guzmán: en 2014, Enrique Villanueva Molina fue condenado a cinco años de prisión en Chile y en diciembre de 2017, Ricardo Palma Salamanca fue detenido en Francia y se enfrentaba a la extradición a Chile.

Sources: Conflict of Evidence:

Violation Status: Reported: Highly likely / Highly reliable source(s)

Cause of Death: - Terrorism/Attack on civilian

Occupations: - Education, Training, and Library Occupations - Legal Occupations

External Files: N/A

Relatives in Archive: N/A

Victim Type: - Political opponent: member of opposition group

Affiliations: - Unión Demócrata Independiente, UDI (Chile)

Other Victims Same Event: N/A

Case Record - Jaime Jorge Guzmán Errázuriz